Intelligent Vehicle Speed Control System With Collision Detection

Objectives

1. To study PIC18F microcontroller w.r.t Architecture, Programing and Interfacing.

2. Design, Simulate and implementation of DC motor control.

3. Formulate a track simulating di_erent road condition.

4. Design and Build prototype vehicle.

5. Design, Simulate and implementation of vehicle speed control.

6. Design, Simulate and impementation of collision detection.

7. Integration of above 2 into one.

System Block Diagram and Description

The figure below shows the block diagram of our system.

_ Controller : PIC 18F series microcontroller.

_ Driver : L293D/L298

_ Obstacle Sensors : IR/Ultra Sonic Sensor.

_ Speed Sensor : Encoder.

Description

The block diagram consists of controller, motor driver(L298N),motors and sensors(speed

sensor and obstacle sensor). The reference speed is set by the user and the actual speed

7

(feedback) is given to the summing block. The output of summing block is error given by,

e = r 􀀀f (2.1)

This error acts as an input to the controller. The controller will make the actual speed of the

vehicle equal to the set reference speed. The output of the controller is given to the motors

through driver IC L298N. The purpose of including driver IC is that to provide su_ciant

current to the motors and protection from back emf.

If any obstacle comes in front of the vehicle, the obstacle sensor will give signal to the

controller so that vehicle comes to halt.

Circuit Diagram and Description

The figure above is the circuit diagram of the system.

Description

The _gure above is the circuit diagram of the system. In this circuit controller does all

the control tasks according to the user program. LCD display is interfaced to the controller

through port D, motor driver L298N is interfaced to PIC to provide protection to the motors.

Switch 1 is acts as a START switch, it controls the working of the system,when it open

the whole system get switched o_. When sw2 is open the motors run with the 50% duty

cycle and when it close motors run with the 80% duty cycle. As soon as sw3 is depressed

motor will get stops.

LCD display is used to display the speed of the motor in RPM.